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ORACLE 사용자 권한

DB CAFE

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1 ORACLE 권한[편집]

1.1 사용자에게 부여된 시스템 권한 확인[편집]

SELECT * FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS
WHERE GRANTEE = '사용자명' ;

1.2 사용자에게 부여된 롤 확인(시스템 권한이 롤에 포함됨)[편집]

SELECT * FROM DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
WHERE GRANTEE = '사용자명' ;

1.3 사용자에게 부여된 롤에 부여된 시스템 권한 확인[편집]

SELECT * FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS
WHERE GRANTEE = '롤명' ;

1.4 타 사용자에게 부여한 객체(테이블등) 권한 확인[편집]

SELECT * FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS
WHERE OWNER = '테이블소유자명' ;
-- 또는,
SELECT * FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS
WHERE GRANTEE = '권한부여자명' ;

1.5 TABLESPACE 사용권한[편집]

ALTER USER XXX QUOTA UNLIMITED ON TS_XXX_D01;


  • DDL 권한
    기본적으로 CREATE TABLE 권한(1, 2번 SQL로 확인 가능)이 있으면,
    자기가 생성한 테이블에 대해서는ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE 가능
    타 사용자에 대한 테이블 생성 권한은 DBA_SYS_PRIVS에서 확인 가능(CREATE ANY TABLE)
  • DML 권한
    본인 소유의 테이블은 모든 작업 수행 가능
    타인 소유의 테이블에 대한 작업 수행은 4번 SQL로 확인 가능
  • DCL 권한
    본인 소유의 테이블에 대한 타 사용자에게의 GRANT는 항상 가능
    타인 소유의 테이블에 대한 타 사용자에게의 GRANT 권한은,
    해당 테이블에 대한 권한을 DBA_TAB_PRIVS.GRANTABLE 컬럼에 YES 로 받은 경우 가능


assignment GRANT ANY OBJECT PRIVILEGE 시스템 권한(1, 2번 SQL로 확인 가능)을 가지고 있는 경우 , 다른 사용자의 모든 객체에 대한 권한 부여 가능(DBA도 해당 권한이 있음)


1.6 TRUNCATE 권한[편집]

  1. System 권한 중 ‘TRUNCATE TABLE’ 권한 이라는 것은 존재하지 않음.
  2. Table을 Truncate하기 위해서는 ‘DROP TABLE’ 권한이 있어야 가능함.

1.6.1 TRUNCATE 프로시져[편집]

  • 사용자에게 프로시져를 만들고 프로시져 실행 권한을 부여함.
grant execute on XXX_DBA.SP_TRUNC to scott;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE XXX_DBA.SP_TRUNC (pTable IN VARCHAR2, reuse IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT 'N')
IS
cmd	VARCHAR2 (4000) := 'truncate table XXX.' || pTable; BEGIN
IF UPPER (pTable) IN (TB_RC_XXX, 'TB_CM_XXX') -- Truncate이 허용되는 테이블 목록
THEN
CASE
WHEN reuse = 'N' THEN
-- DROP STORAGE
cmd := cmd || ' DROP STORAGE'; 
WHEN reuse = 'Y'
THEN
-- REUSE STORAGE
cmd := cmd || ' REUSE STORAGE'; 
END CASE;
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (cmd); EXECUTE IMMEDIATE cmd;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR (-20101, 'Requested Table is not allowed truncate operation.');
END IF;
END SP_TRUNC;
/
  • TRUNCATE 옵션
    • DROP STORAGE (디폴트) : 결과 테이블에 할당 된 익스텐트 수를 MINEXTENTS의 원래 설정으로 줄입니다.
      해제 된 익스텐트는 시스템으로 리턴되어 다른 오브젝트에서 사용할 수 있습니다.
    • DROP ALL STORAGE는 세그먼트 삭제.
      TRUNCATE TABLE 문 외에도 DROP ALL STORAGE는 ALTER TABLE TRUNCATE (SUB) PARTITION 문에도 적용됩니다.
      이 옵션은 또한 절단중인 파티션과 연관된 종속 오브젝트 세그먼트를 삭제합니다.
      DROP ALL STORAGE는 클러스터에서 지원되지 않습니다.
    • REUSE STORAGE : 기존 공간을 줄이지 않고 유지토록함.

1.7 시스템 권한[편집]

Privilege Description
ADMIN Enables a user to perform administrative tasks including checkpointing, backups, migration, and user creation and deletion.
ALTER ANY CACHE GROUP Enables a user to alter any cache group in the database.
ALTER ANY INDEX Enables a user to alter any index in the database.

Note: There is no ALTER INDEX statement.

ALTER ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW Enables a user to alter any materialized view in the database.

Note: There is no ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW statement

ALTER ANY PROCEDURE Enables a user to alter any PL/SQL procedure, function or package in the database.
ALTER ANY SEQUENCE Enables a user to alter any sequence in the database.

Note: There is no ALTER SEQUENCE statement.

ALTER ANY TABLE Enables a user to alter any table in the database.
ALTER ANY VIEW Enables a user to alter any view in the database.

Note: There is no ALTER VIEW statement.

CACHE_MANAGER Enables a user to perform operations related to cache groups.
CREATE ANY CACHE GROUP Enables a user to create a cache group owned by any user in the database.
CREATE ANY INDEX Enables a user to create an index on any table or materialized view in the database.
CREATE ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW Enables a user to create a materialized view owned by any user in the database.
CREATE ANY PROCEDURE Enables a user to create a PL/SQL procedure, function or package owned by any user in the database.
CREATE ANY SEQUENCE Enables a user to create a sequence owned by any user in the database.
CREATE ANY SYNONYM Enables a user to create a private synonym owned by any user in the database.
CREATE ANY TABLE Enables a user to create a table owned by any user in the database.
CREATE ANY VIEW Enables a user to create a view owned by any user in the database.
CREATE CACHE GROUP Enables a user to create a cache group owned by that user.
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW Enables a user to create a materialized view owned by that user.
CREATE PROCEDURE Enables a user to create a PL/SQL procedure, function or package owned by that user.
CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM Enables a user to create a public synonym.
CREATE SEQUENCE Enables a user to create a sequence owned by that user.
CREATE SESSION Enables a user to create a connection to the database.
CREATE SYNONYM Enables a user to create a private synonym.
CREATE TABLE Enables a user to create a table owned by that user.
CREATE VIEW Enables a user to create a view owned by that user.
DELETE ANY TABLE Enables a user to delete from any table in the database.
DROP ANY CACHE GROUP Enables a user to drop any cache group in the database.
DROP ANY INDEX Enables a user to drop any index in the database.
DROP ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW Enables a user to drop any materialized view in the database.
DROP ANY PROCEDURE Enables a user to drop any PL/SQL procedure, function or package in the database.
DROP ANY SEQUENCE Enables a user to drop any sequence in the database.
DROP ANY SYNONYM Enables a user to drop a synonym owned by any user in the database.
DROP ANY TABLE Enables a user to drop any table in the database.
DROP ANY VIEW Enables a user to drop any view in the database.
DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM Enables a user to drop a public synonym.
EXECUTE ANY PROCEDURE Enables a user to execute any PL/SQL procedure, function or package in the database.
FLUSH ANY CACHE GROUP Enables a user to flush any cache group in the database.
INSERT ANY TABLE Enables a user to insert into any table in the database. It also enables the user to insert into any table using the synonym, public or private, to that table.
LOAD ANY CACHE GROUP Enables a user to load any cache group in the database.
REFRESH ANY CACHE GROUP Enables a user to flush any cache group in the database.
SELECT ANY SEQUENCE Enables a user to select from any sequence or synonym on a sequence in the database.
SELECT ANY TABLE Enables a user to select from any table, view, materialized view, or synonym in the database.
UNLOAD ANY CACHE GROUP Enables a user to unload any cache group in the database.
UPDATE ANY TABLE Enables a user to update any table or synonym in the database.
XLA Enables a user to connect to a database as an XLA reader.

1.8 오브젝트 권한[편집]

Privilege Object type Description
DELETE Table Enables a user to delete from a table.
EXECUTE PL/SQL package, procedure or function Enables a user to execute a PL/SQL package, procedure or function directly.
FLUSH Cache group Enables a user to flush a cache group.
INDEX Table or materialized view Enables a user to create an index on a table or materialized view.
INSERT Table or synonym Enables a user to insert into a table or into the table through a synonym.
LOAD Cache group Enables a user to load a cache group.
REFERENCES Table or materialized view Enables a user to create a foreign key dependency on a table or materialized view.

The REFERENCES privilege on a parent table implicitly grants SELECT privilege on the parent table.

REFRESH Cache group Enables a user to refresh a cache group.
SELECT Table, sequence, view, materialized view, or synonym Enables a user to select from a table, sequence, view, materialized view, or synonym

The SELECT privilege enables a user to perform all operations on a sequence.A user can be granted the SELECT privilege on a synonym or a view without being explicitly granted the SELECT privilege on the originating table.

UNLOAD Cache group Enables a user to unload a cache group.
UPDATE Table Enables a user to update a table.

1.9 Privilege hierarchy[편집]

Privilege Confers these privileges
ADMIN

All other privileges including CACHE_MANAGER

CREATE ANY INDEX
INDEX (any table or materialized view)
CREATE ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW

CREATE ANY PROCEDURE

CREATE PROCEDURE

CREATE ANY SEQUENCE

CREATE SEQUENCE

CREATE ANY SYNONYM

CREATE SYNONYM

CREATE ANY TABLE

CREATE TABLE

CREATE ANY VIEW

CREATE VIEW

DELETE ANY TABLE
DELETE (any table)
EXECUTE ANY PROCEDURE
EXECUTE (any procedure)
INSERT ANY TABLE
INSERT (any table)
SELECT ANY SEQUENCE
SELECT (any sequence)
SELECT ANY TABLE
SELECT (any table, view or materialized view)
UPDATE ANY TABLE
UPDATE (any table)



assignment CACHE_MANAGER 권한
  • 캐시 그룹 권한은 ADMIN이 CACHE_MANAGER 권한을 부여한다는 점을 제외하면 별도의 계층 구조를 갖음.
  • CACHE_MANAGER 권한은 다음 권한을 부여합니다.
CREATE ANY CACHE GROUP
ALTER ANY CACHE GROUP
DROP ANY CACHE GROUP
FLUSH ANY CACHE GROUP
LOAD ANY CACHE GROUP
UNLOAD ANY CACHE GROUP
REFRESH ANY CACHE GROUP
FLUSH (object)
LOAD (object)
UNLOAD (object)
REFRESH (object)
  • CACHE_MANAGER 권한에는 캐시 에이전트와 복제 에이전트를 시작 및 중지하고 캐시 그리드 작업을 수행하는 기능도 포함
  • CREATE ANY CACHE GROUP은 모든 캐시 그룹에 대해 CREATE CACHE GROUP 권한을 부여함.


1.10 PUBLIC ROLE[편집]

  1. 데이터베이스의 모든 사용자는 PUBLIC 롤을 가지고 있음
  2. 데이터베이스에서 기본적으로 PUBLIC은 다양한 시스템 테이블과 뷰, PL/SQL 함수, 프로시저 및 패키지에 대한 SELECT 및 EXECUTE 권한을 갖음.

1.10.1 부여된 PUBLIC 권한 조회[편집]

SELECT table_name, privilege 
  FROM sys.dba_tab_privs 
 WHERE grantee='PUBLIC';
  • 데이터베이스 생성의 일부로 PUBLIC에 부여된 권한은 취소할 수 없습니다.

1.10.2 SYS가 부여한 권한 목록 조회[편집]

SELECT table_name, privilege 
  FROM sys.dba_tab_privs 
 WHERE grantor='SYS';

1.11 권한 관리 프로시져[편집]

  • . dbm_privs_obj , dbm_privs_role 테이블 생성 후 사용
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE DBADM.sp_dbm_privs(p_grantee varchar2 default '%', p_exec boolean default FALSE)
/*******************************************************************************
-- authid current_user
-- grant grant any object privilege to dbadm;
-- grant grant any role to dbadm;
create table dbadm.dbm_privs_obj (
   dbname      varchar2(30) not null  ,obj_type    varchar2(15) not null
  ,grant_type  varchar2(15) not null  ,grantee     varchar2(30) not null
  ,owner       varchar2(30) not null  ,obj_nm      varchar2(30) not null
  ,privs       varchar2(30) not null  ,syn         varchar2(30)
  ,logdt       date                   ,rmk         varchar2(30)
  ,constraint pk_dbm_privs_obj primary key(dbname, obj_type, grant_type, grantee, owner, obj_nm)
);
create table dbadm.dbm_privs_role (
   dbname       varchar2(30) not null  ,grantee      varchar2(30) not null
  ,granted_role varchar2(30) not null  ,admin_option varchar2(3), default_role varchar2(3)
  ,constraint pk_dbm_privs_role primary key(dbname, grantee, granted_role)
);
insert into dbadm.dbm_privs_obj(dbname, obj_type, grant_type, grantee, owner, obj_nm, privs, syn, logdt, rmk)
                       values ('DCSSC1','TABLE','ROLE','RL_SC_ALL','SCADM','%','C,R,U,D','PUBLIC',SYSDATE,null);
insert into dbadm.dbm_privs_role(dbname, grantee, granted_role, admin_option, default_role)
                          values('DCSSC1','SCAPP','RL_SC_ALL', NULL, NULL);
insert into dbadm.dbm_privs_obj(dbname, obj_type, grant_type, grantee, owner, obj_nm, privs, syn, logdt, rmk)
   select --+ rule
          'DCSSC', o.object_type, nvl2(u.username,'USER','ROLE'), p.grantee, p.grantor, p.table_name, 'E','PUBLIC',sysdate, null
   from dba_tab_privs p, dba_objects o, dba_users u
   where p.privilege = 'EXECUTE'
     and p.grantor in ('SCADM','SCAPP')
     and o.owner = p.grantor
     and o.object_name = p.table_name
     and u.username (+)= p.grantee
insert into dbadm.dbm_privs_role(dbname, grantee, granted_role, admin_option, default_role)
  select 'DCSSC1', grantee, granted_role, admin_option, default_role
  from dba_role_privs where granted_role like 'RL_%';

********************************************************************************/
as
  v_dbname  varchar2(100);
  v_grantee varchar2(100);
  v_priva   varchar2(10);
  v_privs   varchar2(100);
  v_objnm   varchar2(100);
  v_sqlcmd  varchar2(2000);
  lc    number;
  ix    number;
  iy    number;
begin
  -- if p_grantee is null then 
    dbms_output.put_line('-- usage: exec dbadm.sp_dbm_privs(p_grantee => ''%'', p_exec=>FALSE)');
  -- end if;
  v_grantee := upper(p_grantee);
  select sys_context('USERENV','DB_NAME') into v_dbname from dual;
  -- if    v_dbname = 'DBPIBS' then v_dbname := 'DBDIBS';
  -- elsif v_dbname = 'DBPUBS' then v_dbname := 'DBDUBS';
  -- end if;
  
  for ic1 in (
        select /*+ rule */ distinct p.*
        from dbadm.dbm_privs_obj p 
        where p.dbname=v_dbname
          and (p.grantee like v_grantee
               or p.grantee in (select granted_role from dbadm.dbm_privs_role where grantee like v_grantee)
              )
          and p.grantee in (select username from dba_users
                            union all
                            select role from dba_roles)
  )
  loop
    lc := length(ic1.privs)-length(replace(ic1.privs,',','')) +1;
    ix :=0;
    for i in 1..lc
    loop
      iy := ix+1;
      ix := instr(ic1.privs,',', iy);
      if ix=0 then ix:=length(ic1.privs)+1; end if;
      v_privs := substr(ic1.privs, iy, ix-iy);
      select case v_privs when 'C' then 'INSERT'
                          when 'R' then 'SELECT'
                          when 'U' then 'UPDATE'
                          when 'D' then 'DELETE'
                          when 'E' then 'EXECUTE'
                          else v_privs end
             into v_privs
      from dual;

      --dbms_output.enable(8000);
      --dbms_output.put_line(ic1.privs||';'||iy||','||ix||':'||v_privs);
      --dbms_output.put_line('--------------');
      for ic2 in (
          select /*+ rule */ owner, object_name
          from dba_objects o
          where o.owner=ic1.owner
            and o.object_name like ic1.obj_nm
            and o.object_name not like 'BIN$%'
            and o.object_type = ic1.obj_type
            --and o.object_name like decode(o.object_type, 'FUNCTION','FC%', 'PROCEDURE','SP%','SEQUENCE','%SQ','%')
            and (o.owner, o.object_name) not in
                (select p.owner, p.table_name from dba_tab_privs p where p.grantee=ic1.grantee and p.privilege = v_privs)
      ) loop
        v_sqlcmd := 'grant ' ||v_privs|| ' on '||ic2.owner||'.'||ic2.object_name||' to '|| ic1.grantee;
        begin
          if p_exec then 
            execute immediate v_sqlcmd; 
            v_sqlcmd:=v_sqlcmd||' -- done'; 
          end if;
          dbms_output.enable(1000);
          dbms_output.put_line(v_sqlcmd);
        exception when others then
          dbms_output.put_line(v_sqlcmd);
          dbms_output.put_line(sqlerrm);
        end;
        --insert into dbadm.tb_dev_msg values('grant','1',v_sqlcmd, sysdate);
      end loop; -- loop for ic2
    end loop; -- loop for v_privs
  end loop; -- loop for ic1

  -- role grant
  for ic in (
    select /*+ rule */ r.* from dbadm.dbm_privs_role r
    where r.dbname=v_dbname and r.grantee like v_grantee
      and r.grantee in (select username from dba_users union all select role from dba_roles)
      and (r.grantee, r.granted_role) not in (select grantee, granted_role from dba_role_privs)
  ) loop
  begin
    v_sqlcmd := 'grant '||ic.granted_role||' to '||ic.grantee;
    dbms_output.enable(1000);
    if p_exec then 
        execute immediate v_sqlcmd; 
        v_sqlcmd := v_sqlcmd||'; -- done';
    else
        v_sqlcmd := v_sqlcmd||';';
    end if;
    dbms_output.put_line(v_sqlcmd);
  exception when others then
        dbms_output.put_line(v_sqlcmd);
        dbms_output.put_line(sqlerrm);
  end;
  end loop;

  exception when others then
      dbms_output.put_line(v_sqlcmd);
      dbms_output.put_line(sqlerrm);
/********************************************************************************
-- for reverse 
declare
   r_prv  dbadm.dbm_privs_obj%ROWTYPE;
   v_cnt  number := 0;
begin
  for ic in (
     select --+ rule ordered
            o.object_type, nvl2(u.username,'USER','ROLE') grant_type
          , p.grantee, p.grantor, p.table_name
          , decode(p.privilege,'INSERT','C','SELECT','R','UPDATE','U','DELETE','D','EXECUTE','E', p.privilege) privs
          , count(*) over() cnt
     from dba_tab_privs p, dba_objects o, dba_users u
     where p.grantor in ('SCADM','SCAPP') and p.table_name not like 'BIN$%'
       and o.owner = p.grantor
       and o.object_name = p.table_name
       and o.object_type in ('FUNCTION','PACKAGE','PROCEDURE','SEQUENCE' ,'TABLE','VIEW')
       and u.username (+)= p.grantee
     order by p.grantor, p.table_name, p.grantee
            , decode(p.privilege,'INSERT',1,'SELECT',2,'UPDATE',3,'DELETE',4,'EXECUTE',5, 6)
  )
  loop
     v_cnt := v_cnt + 1;
     if r_prv.grantee = ic.grantee and r_prv.owner=ic.grantor and r_prv.obj_nm=ic.table_name
     then
        r_prv.privs := r_prv.privs||','||ic.privs;
     else
        if (r_prv.privs is not null and v_cnt < ic.cnt) then
            insert into dbadm.dbm_privs_obj(dbname, obj_type, grant_type, grantee, owner, obj_nm, privs, syn, logdt, rmk)
            values ('DCSSC', r_prv.obj_type, r_prv.grant_type, r_prv.grantee, r_prv.owner, r_prv.obj_nm, r_prv.privs, 'PUBLIC',SYSDATE,NULL);
        end if;
        r_prv.obj_type   := ic.object_type;
        r_prv.grant_type := ic.grant_type;
        r_prv.grantee    := ic.grantee;
        r_prv.owner      := ic.grantor;
        r_prv.obj_nm     := ic.table_name;
        r_prv.privs      := ic.privs;
     end if;
     if v_cnt = ic.cnt then 
        insert into dbadm.dbm_privs_obj(dbname, obj_type, grant_type, grantee, owner, obj_nm, privs, syn, logdt, rmk)
        values ('DCSSC', r_prv.obj_type, r_prv.grant_type, r_prv.grantee, r_prv.owner, r_prv.obj_nm, r_prv.privs, 'PUBLIC',SYSDATE,NULL);
     end if;
  end loop;
end;
********************************************************************************/
end;
  • 씨에스리 송정훈 이사님 제공
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